Definition
Poles
Each HES element is a spectrum, not a category: the Low and High poles describe how it presents at its two extremes, while the Reference marks the typical, everyday middle. The poles map variation across the range — neither end is inherently better or worse.
Ethical standards collapse under pressure; safety and approval dominate.
Maintains ethical action even at substantial personal cost.
Ethical privately, but yields when stakes and group pressure rise.
Measure
Measuring Methods
Empirical Anchor
Notes
Citation
Human Elements System. (2026). Ethical Courage (HES Passport D117, v1.2.4). hestable.com. https://hestable.com/passport/D117
@misc{hes_D117, author = {{Human Elements System}}, title = {{Ethical Courage}}, year = {2026}, note = {HES Passport D117, v1.2.4}, howpublished = {\url{https://hestable.com/passport/D117}} }